Reforming Drug Policy for Justice and Health

At JPP, we are committed to transforming drug policy by addressing the critical links between drug use, poverty, and incarceration. Our mission is to advocate for a more equitable approach that prioritizes health, harm reduction and human rights.

Championing Mental Health

Transforming Drug Policy

Justice Project Pakistan is leading efforts to transform Pakistan’s punitive drug control system into one rooted in human rights, public health, and evidence-based reform. Recognising the deep links between drug use, poverty, incarceration, and health inequities, JPP conducts nationwide research and strategic advocacy to challenge the over-criminalisation of low-income individuals under the Control of Narcotic Substances Act. From championing proportional sentencing and non-custodial alternatives to building judicial capacity and engaging international partners, JPP is working to shift the national conversation—away from punishment and toward fairness, rehabilitation, and justice.

Reports and Publications on Drug Policy

Drug Policy

28 March, 2025

Pakistan's Drug Policy Journey

Explore major developments in Pakistan’s drug policy and law reformation journey. We have come far but still a long way to go towards more humane and human-rights based policies. JPP will continue to push for reform as it has done in the past.....

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Drug Policy

03 March, 2025

Narcotics Offense Fact-Sheet

A snapshot of Pakistan’s rising incarceration rates for drug-related offences, highlighting troubling trends in undertrial populations, gender disparities on death row, and inconsistencies in prisoner categorization....

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Drug Policy

28 February, 2025

Reimagining Justice: Upholding Human Rights Under the CNSA

Reimagining Justice: Upholding Human Rights Under the CNSA – Judicial Training Course Launch & Expert Workshop....

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Drug Policy

28 February, 2025

Reimagining Justice: Public Health and Human Rights Centered Drug Policy

The Reimagining Justice consultation on 28 January 2025 built on Justice Project Pakistan’s 2024 conference, which launched the country’s first national dialogue on drug policy and human rights. Since then, progress includes the Prosecutor General Punjab’s visit to Portugal to study its drug policy and the Federal Judicial Academy’s....

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Drug Policy

28 January, 2025

THE CONTROL OF NARCOTICS SUBSTANCES ACT 1997: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

A detailed critique of Pakistan’s narcotics law, the CNSA, examining how its vague provisions, punitive sentencing, and misuse by law enforcement contribute to human rights violations and mass incarceration....

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Drug Policy

28 January, 2025

REFORMING POLICING STRATEGIES UNDER THE CNSA

An in-depth assessment of Pakistan’s current anti-narcotics policing strategies under the CNSA, highlighting challenges like porous borders, the rise of synthetic drugs, and limited rehabilitation, with key recommendations for inter-agency cooperation, community policing, and enhanced forensic capacity....

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Drug Policy

28 January, 2025

Public Health and Harm Reduction

This brief advocates for transitioning from punitive drug policies to a public health-centered harm reduction approach in Pakistan, emphasizing the need for decriminalization, treatment access, and human rights protections....

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Drug Policy

28 January, 2025

Proportionate Sentencing under the CNSA

Analyzes the impact of mandatory minimums and rigid sentencing under the CNSA, showing how they fuel prison overcrowding and disproportionately affect low-level offenders, and calls for reforms like judicial discretion and rehabilitation pathways....

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Drug Policy

28 January, 2025

GENDERED IMPACT OF THE CNSA 1997: STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITIES AND PATHS TO REFORM

This brief highlights the CNSA's gendered impact, its alignment with global norms, and the consequences of punitive drug policies on women. Drawing on case studies and testimonies, it provides evidence-based recommendations for reform, including gender sensitive sentencing, improved prison conditions, and community based alternatives to incarceration...

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Drug Policy

15 July, 2024

Reimagining Justice: Public Health and Human Rights-Centered Drug Policy

A landmark three-day conference organized by Justice Project Pakistan that brought together policymakers, judges, civil society leaders, and international experts to advance a human rights–centered approach to drug policy, culminating in actionable....

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Drug Policy

23 April, 2024

Narcotics Offenses Dataset:1st Statistics Report on Narcotics Offenses in Pakistan

This publication provides an in-depth analysis of narcotics offences in Pakistan, covering arrest trends, prison demographics, legal changes, and systemic challenges. It emphasizes the need for drug policies that prioritize health rights, voluntary treatment, and harm reduction....

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Evidence-Based Research in Drug Policy

JPP conducts thorough research to understand the impact of drug policies on incarcerated individuals. Our studies highlight the urgent need for reform in the current punitive framework.

Research Focus

Analyzing the effects of drug laws on health and incarceration rates, JPP conducts multi-provincial studies with incarcerated individuals to understand how punitive drug policies contribute to rising imprisonment, declining conviction rates, and worsening prison health conditions. These insights inform our advocacy for legal and policy reform grounded in evidence.

Our Approach

Promoting health-centered policies through data-driven insights and advocacy. JPP works closely with judicial academies, policymakers, and international partners to advocate for proportional sentencing, harm reduction, and non-custodial alternatives. Our approach integrates public health principles with legal analysis to support systemic change.

Promoting Fairness in Drug Policy Reform

JPP is dedicated to transforming drug policy by advocating for proportional sentencing and alternatives to incarceration. Our approach prioritizes health and human rights, ensuring fair legal representation for all.

Proportional Sentencing

We support sentences that reflect the severity of offenses, promoting justice and rehabilitation.

Alternatives to Incarceration

Our initiatives focus on treatment and community service as viable options over imprisonment.

Advocating for a Health-Centered Drug Policy

JPP is committed to reshaping drug policies to prioritize human rights and public health. Our approach seeks to dismantle the harmful effects of punitive measures on vulnerable communities.

Our Vision

Promoting equitable treatment and rehabilitation for all individuals affected by drug policies. JPP envisions a system where drug dependence is treated as a public health issue, not a criminal one—ensuring that vulnerable populations receive access to voluntary treatment, harm reduction services, and reintegration support instead of incarceration.

Key Partnerships

Collaborating with organizations to advocate for systemic change in drug policy. JPP works closely with national and international partners—including the Federal Judicial Academy, University of Essex, and Harm Reduction International—to advance proportional sentencing, non-custodial alternatives, and judicial awareness rooted in global human rights standards.

Key Partnerships

Federal Judicial Academy

JPP collaborates closely with the FJA to train members of the judiciary on international human rights law, criminal justice, and mental health. In January 2025, JPP partnered with the University of Essex to conduct a judicial workshop on proportional sentencing and non-custodial alternatives, and co-developed a specialized e-course on the International Guidelines on Human Rights and Drug Policy.

National Commission on the Rightsof Children (NCRC)

JPP worked with NCRC to address drug prevention in schools and safeguard the rights of children in conflict with the law. As part of a national consultation, JPP is preparing a policy brief focused on child-sensitive drug policy that prioritizes rehabilitation over punishment.

Prosecutor General, Punjab

JPP has formed a strategic partnership with the Prosecutor General of Punjab to advance drug policy reform through a public health lens. A joint delegation to Portugal in November 2024 explored its decriminalization model. This collaboration builds on earlier engagements at JPP’s Reimagining Justice Conference and reflects growing interest in health-centered alternatives in Punjab’s legal system.

Harm Reduction International (HRI)

JPP maintains a long-standing partnership with HRI to advocate for drug policy reform and the abolition of the death penalty for drug offences in Pakistan. Their joint efforts emphasize harm reduction, human rights, and public health as essential elements of sustainable policy change.

International Centre on Human Rights and Drug Policy, University of Essex

JPP’s partnership with the University of Essex supports both policy reform and judicial training in Pakistan. Together, we developed an e-course for judges on the International Guidelines on Human Rights and Drug Policy and continue to provide technical expertise to strengthen proportional sentencing and alternatives to incarceration.

Still have questions?

For more information about our drug policy work or partnership opportunities, feel free to contact us directly.

Join the Movement for Change

Your voice matters in reshaping drug policy. Together, we can advocate for a fairer, health-centered approach that uplifts communities.